Hoppus Practical Measurer 1893 (Extract)

Title page – 3 – Glass-Study Extract

{Glass Study – Glass relevance EXTRACT only – This edition 1893}

HOPPUS’S PRACTICAL MEASURER;

OR,

MEASURING MADE EASY

BY A

NEW SET OF TABLES,

WHICH SHOW, AT SIGHT,

THE SOLID CONTENT OF ANY PIECE OF TIMBER, STONE, &c.

EITHER SQUARE, ROUND, OR UNEQUAL-SIDED,
AND THE VALUE AT ANY PRICE PER FOOT CUBE.

ALSO, THE SUPERFICIAL CONTENT OF BOARDS,
GLASS, PAINTING, PLASTERING, &c., &c.

WITH COPIOUS EXPLANATIONS OF THE USES
AND APPLICATIONS OF THE TABLES.

CONTRIVED TO ANSWER ALL THE OCCASIONS OF GENTLEMEN AND ARTIFICERS, THE CONTENTS BEING GIVEN IN FEET, INCHES,
QUARTERS, & TWELFTH PARTS OF AN INCH.

WITH A PREFACE,

SHOWING THE EXCELLENCE OF THIS METHOD OF MEASURING,

AND SOME CURIOUS OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING
MEASURING OF TIMBER BY SEVERAL DIMENSIONS.

TOGETHER WITH

ADDITIONAL NEW TABLES,

SHOWING THE WEIGHT OF IRON BY THE MEASURE.

HALIFAX:

PUBLISHED BY W. NICHOLSON AND SONS.

 

  – 182 – Measuring Glazier’s Work

{Glass-Study: The table itself is of little interest but if there is demand, can be added. The book is not a great rarity and had many editions}

THE USE OF THE TABLE OF

SUPERFICIAL OR FLAT MEASURE, WHEN APPLIED TO GLAZIERS’ WORK OF ALL KINDS.

EXAMPLE I.

In a window of leaded glass which has three lights in it, each light being 3 feet long and 15Πinches broad, I desire to know how many feet there are of glazing ?

First, add the length of the three lights together, which makes 9 feet, then look in the table for 15Πinches, the breadth, and opposite the 9 feet, the length, you will find 11:5: 3, which is 11 feet, 5 inches, and 3 twelfth parts, the content of the three lights required.

EXAMPLE II.

In four windows of leaded glass, each window having two lights, and each light, being 3 feet 6Ÿ inches long and 17Ÿ inches broad, I demand how many feet there are of glazing ?

First, the length of all the eight lights must be added together, which make 28 feet 6 inches, then look in the table for 17Ÿ inches, the breadth. But since the table does not extend to 28 feet, the length, you must take the answer out at thrice, viz.

    F. I. P. S.
20 feet long, and 17Ÿ inches the breadth, is . . . . } 29 7 0 0
8 feet long, and 17Ÿ inches the breadth, is . . . . . } 11 10 0 0
6 inches long, and 17Ÿ inches the breadth, is . . . } 0 8 10 6
   
The content required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   42 1 10 6

So that four windows, each having two lights, and each light being 3 feet 6Ÿ inches long and 17Ÿ inches wide, contain 42 feet, 1 inch, 10 twelfth parts, and 6 seconds of glazing.

  – 183 – Measuring Glazier’s Work

Note.—If you have any quarters of an inch in the length, they must be found at the bottom of the table, and added as the inches are in this Example.

To measure Sash-squares this table is also very useful.

EXAMPLE III.

In a sash-window that has 12 squares of glass, (i.e. 4 high and 3 broad,) each square being 10 inches high and 8Πinches broad, I would know how many feet of glass it contains?

First, add together the height of the 12 squares, which make 10 feet, then look in the table for 8Πinches, the breadth, and opposite 10 feet, the length, is 6 feet, 10 inches, and 6 twelfth parts, which is the quantity of glass in the said sash-window.

Note.—If you have any odd inches, or quarters of an inch, in the length, you must proceed as in Example II.

EXAMPLE IV.

In a sash-window having 18 squares, each square being 20 inches high and l1Ÿ inches broad, I would know how many feet of glass are therein?

First, add together the height of the 18 squares, which is 360 inches (or 30 feet,) then look in the table for 11Ÿ inches, the breadth. But since the table does not extend to 30 feet, the length, you must take the answer out at twice, viz.

    F. I. P.
20 feet long, and 11Ÿ inches in breadth, is . . . } 19 7 0
10 feet long, and 11Ÿ inches in breadth, is . . . } 9 9 6
   
The content required is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   29 4 6

So that a sash-window that has 18 squares, each square being 20 inches high and 11Ÿ inches wide, contains 29 feet, 4 inches and a half of glass.

Note.— Observe that, for the generality, sash-windows have either 12 or 18 squares each, and in such a case the quantities are more easily and expeditiously found by the following method :—

When a window has 12 squares, the inches in height are to be conceived so many feet in length, as will more plainly appear by re-considering the foregoing Example III. where the 12 squares were each of them 10 inches high, and consequently, when added together, make 10 feet in length; so that by this method of conceiving the inches in height to be feet, the trouble and time in adding the 12 together is hereby saved, and the question more easily answered.

  – 184 –  

Again, when a window hath 18 squares in it, if you conceive the height in inches to be feet, and take the con­tent as given by the table, and the half of that content, these added together will be the quantity; and this method will be very serviceable (if rightly un­derstood), for by this means you will rarely exceed the extent of the table, (few squares being more than 24 inches high, the bounds of the table in feet,) as for instance :—.

In Example IV. where the height of each square was 20 inches, and 11Ÿ inch­es broad, look in the table for 11Ÿ inches, and opposite 20 feet long (i.e. inches high) is 19 feet 7 inches, half of which is 9 feet 9œ inches, and these being added together make 29 feet 4œ inches, which was the content as given before on page 183.

Many more examples might be ad­ded to illustrate this rule, but a little application and practice will make it very easy and familiar.

A TABLE OF ENGLISH MEASURES AND QUANTITIES, RELATING TO BUILDING AND LAND.

An inch is one-twelfth of a foot.

A palm is 3 inches.

A hand is 4 inches.

A span is 9 inches, or a quarter of yard, or half a cubit.

A foot is 12 inches, or 3 hands.

A square foot is 144 square inches.

A cubical foot is 1728 cubical inches.

A cubit is 4 hands and a half, or 1 foot and a half.

A yard is 36 inches, or 2 cubits.

A square yard is 9 square feet.

A cubical yard is 27 cubical feet.

  – 185 –  

An ell is 1 yard and a quarter, or 45 in.

A geometrical space is 5 feet.

A fathom is 6 feet, or 2 yards.

A square is 100 square feet.

A statute pole, perch, or rod is 16 feet and a half.

A chain is 4 statute poles or perches, or 22 yards.

A fen, or woodland, pole or perch is 18 feet.

A forest pole or perch is 21 feet.

A furlong is 40 poles or perches, or 220 yards.

A mile is 8 furlongs, or 1760 yards.

A square statute pole or perch is 272Πsquare feet.

A square woodland pole or perch is 234 square feet.

A rood is 40 square poles or perches.

An acre is 4 square roods, or 160 perches

A load of rough timber is 40 feet.

A load of squared timber is 50 feet.

A load of 1 inch plank is 600 square ft.

A load of 1œ inch plank is 400 square ft.

A load of 2 inch plank is 300 square ft.

A load of 2œ in. plank is 240 square ft.

A load of 3 inch plank is 200 square ft.

A load of 3œ in. plank is 170 square ft.

A load of 4 in. plank is 150 square ft.

A load of statute bricks is 500.

A load of plain tiles is 1000.

A load of lime is 32 bushels.

A load of sand is 36 bushels.

A hundred of lime is 35 bushels.

A hundred of deals is 120.

A hundred of nails is 120.

A thousand of nails is 1200.

A ton of iron is 2240 pounds weight.

A fodder of lead is 19œ hundred, or 2184 pounds.

A hundred of lead is 112 pounds weight.

A table of glass is 5 ft., and 45 tables is a case; but of Newcastle and Normandy glass 25 tables make a case.

A bundle of 4 feet oak-heart laths is 120, and 37œ bundles is a load.

A bundle of 5 feet oak-heart laths is 100, and 30 bundles is a load.

Note.—Fir and deal laths are of divers length as 3, 4, 5, and 6 feet, but all of them are reduced to the standard length of 5 feet, and so every run of bundles (each bundle containing 100 laths) is a load, being equal to 30 bundles of 5 feet laths.